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This week on the Olive Health Information System website
The newsletter of the University of Navarra and the IOC dedicated to health
The Mediterranean diet, characterized by a high consumption of plant-based foods, fish, nuts, and, in particular, olive oil as the main source of fat, has been shown to offer numerous health benefits, especially in metabolic and neurological disorders. Recent studies confirm its protective role in conditions such as type 2 diabetes and multiple sclerosis, as well as its positive impact on overall quality of life.
One of the key mechanisms through which the Mediterranean diet exerts its beneficial effects is by modulating gene expression. A recent review analyzed how bioactive compounds in olive oil affect genes associated with type 2 diabetes. Researchers found that certain polyphenols present in extra virgin olive oil regulate the expression of genes linked to insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism, suggesting a protective effect against the onset and progression of this disease. This supports the idea that olive oil is not only a source of healthy fats but also contains bioactive properties that actively contribute to the prevention of metabolic disorders.
Beyond metabolic regulation, the Mediterranean diet has also demonstrated benefits for neurological and autoimmune diseases. A clinical trial involving multiple sclerosis patients examined the effects of different low-calorie Mediterranean dietary patterns on perceived and measured disability in overweight individuals with the condition. The results revealed significant improvements in patients’ functionality and quality of life, suggesting that the Mediterranean diet may play a crucial role in managing neurological symptoms and reducing systemic inflammation.
These benefits are not limited to specific conditions but also extend to overall health and well-being. A systematic review published in Nutrients assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet among adults and its association with quality of life. Findings indicated that individuals who followed this dietary pattern exhibited better physical and mental well-being, reinforcing the Mediterranean diet’s value as a holistic approach to disease prevention and health promotion.
Taken together, these studies highlight the Mediterranean diet and olive oil as essential tools for improving metabolic and neurological health. Their unique combination of healthy fatty acids, bioactive compounds, and a well-balanced nutrient profile not only helps to prevent chronic diseases but also enhances the quality of life of those who adopt them long term.
Other articles mentioned this week in the OHIS newsletter:
Diabetes
Impact of Olive Oil Components on the Expression of Genes Related to Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Cognitive function, disability
Adolescents, young adults
Adherence to Mediterranean Diet and Health Outcomes in Adolescents: An Umbrella Review.
Quality of life
Mediterranean Diet and Quality of Life in Adults: A Systematic Review.
Breast cancer
Mediterranean diet adherence
Olive oil
Olive Oil Consumption, Risk Factors, and Diseases: An Umbrella Review.
Basic research
